Ploughing- Charlemagne and the Carolingian
Pisano, Andrea. Ploughing- Chralemagne and the Carolingian. 1336-1343. ABC-Clio: Era: Middle Ages. Web. 9 Oct. 2009.
This picture takes place in the middle ages. The vast majority of the population in the age of
Charlemagne lived and worked on farms. It was a constant struggle to
produce enough food to supply everybody with some. Most of the people who
worked on the farm as farmers, were usually freemen, who owned the land
they worked on. Monasteries made up the largest landowning complexes in the
time of Charlemagne. There were two major innovatiosn that led to increased
agricultural production during this time. One of those important
innovations was the large wheeled plow. The second one was the three-field
crop rotation. Without these innovations the soil would worn out by
repeated crop planting, which usually left half of the farmer's land empty,
or fallow. Farmers began to divide their land into three sections during
the Carolingian period. The sections were divided this way, planting two
and allowing one to lie fallow. That practice increased the productive area
significantly and made more food available each year.
This is a picture ofthe L'Anse aux Meadows, the site of an early- 11th-
century Viking colony at the tip of the Great Northern Pennisula of the
Island of Newfoundland. This settlement consited of a large number of sod-
roofed buildings. This settlement also included a lumberyard and a
shipyard. This Viking colony was inhabited for two or three years before it
became abandoned. The best- known event of the early Middle Ages was the
dramatic entry of Scandinavian people into the kingdoms of Europe. During
the eighth century AD and continuing through the 11th century AD, the
Vikings, in the sleek, fast moving ships, landed on the shores of France,
England, Spain, The Meditterean, and also down the rivers of Western and
Eastern Europe. The Vikings were often viewed as savage and unsophisticated
plunders, but that is only part of the story.
. Winter in medieval peasant village Winter in Medieval Peasant Village. 15 Century. ABC: Clio. Web. 19 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1184446&entryid=799119&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
This picture depicts Winter in a Peasant Village. Perhaps the best nown
fairs of medieval period are the Champagne fairs. Count Theobald II of
Champagne who is also known as Theobald IV of Blois. He recognized that by
organizing trade and provinding a central location, goods could be traded
more easily. Theobald also recognized the potential for profit in hosting
fairs. At its height, there were six fairs in Champagne, and it is largely
thanks to them that the wool market thrived. Theobalds son whos name was
Henry, also patronized the fairs, and sooon the counts of Champagne were
faboulously wealthy. Fairs like those helped simulate the economy, not onle
locally, but also throughtout Europe and into the Levant. Items such as
english wool, French wine, Russian wax, and Prussian wheat could be found
at these fairs. Champagne fairs did not remain as lucrative after the 14th
Century, thanks to the ravages of the black death, war, and a commerical
shift from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, they did mcuh to reinvigorate
the Eurpoean economy.
Battle of Poitiers Battle of Poitiers. N.d. ABC: Clio. Web. 19 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1185721&entryid=617101&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
This picture depicts A Changing Society. What were the consequences of all
those changes? The centralization of powere by monarchs probably led to
more law and order on a local scale, since it discouraged land struggles
between the nobles. However, this may have led to fiercer wars on a large
scale, an example would be the Hundred Years' War between the rulers of
England and France. That change in society led to a general decrease in the
secular power of the church. The authority still remained pervasive in
Renaissance life. Centralized power led to wealthier monarchs . The
monarchs used their wealth to buy luxuries and build castles, and to also
sponsor arts and scholarship, all of which supported the further growth of
the middle class. All those changes, taken together, represented some of
the key social transformations of the Middle Ages into the early modern
era.
As Europe recovered from the ninth- and 10th- cnetury invasions, and as
commerece increased over the next several centuries, the towns and cities
grew. Traditional crafts continued to be an important part of medieval life
Particularly on the manor, but htose emerging centers became hubs of
production and trade and home to a group of people who didn't fit in
squarley with the "three orders". Shop owners, master craftsmen,
and traders made up the urban midlle class. The urban middle class was a
section of society that, in a time period would do much to ransform
medieval kingdoms. That would turn into giant commerical states of the
Rensissance.
Medieval Marriage Contract
Krause, Johansen. Medieval Marriage Contract. N.d. ABC:Clio. Web. 26 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1185729&entryid=1216170&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
Marriages between powerful families had the added benefit of forging
alliances and peace treaties. A landownerf is less likely to atttcak a
neighbor if the neighbor is a brother- in- law or son- in- law. He is more
likely to come to their defense if other the other neighbor invades their
land. Also, a good match could bring prestige to a family. Marrying one's
daughter to the king of Jerusalem, for example, was unlikely to expand the
family's fortune. Since the kingdom of Jerusalem was constantly under
attack. But, the connection to the holy city undoubtedly increased the
family's prestige.
Pisano, Andrea. Ploughing- Chralemagne and the Carolingian. 1336-1343.
ABC-Clio: Era: Middle Ages. Web. 9 Oct. 2009.
This picture takes place in the middle ages. The vast majority of the population in the age of
Charlemagne lived and worked on farms. It was a constant struggle to
produce enough food to supply everybody with some. Most of the people who
worked on the farm as farmers, were usually freemen, who owned the land
they worked on. Monasteries made up the largest landowning complexes in the
time of Charlemagne. There were two major innovatiosn that led to increased
agricultural production during this time. One of those important
innovations was the large wheeled plow. The second one was the three-field
crop rotation. Without these innovations the soil would worn out by
repeated crop planting, which usually left half of the farmer's land empty,
or fallow. Farmers began to divide their land into three sections during
the Carolingian period. The sections were divided this way, planting two
and allowing one to lie fallow. That practice increased the productive area
significantly and made more food available each year.
Kereluk, Dylan. Viking Stettlement in Newfoundland. N.d. ABC Clio. Web. 16 Oct.
2009. <http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
This is a picture ofthe L'Anse aux Meadows, the site of an early- 11th-
century Viking colony at the tip of the Great Northern Pennisula of the
Island of Newfoundland. This settlement consited of a large number of sod-
roofed buildings. This settlement also included a lumberyard and a
shipyard. This Viking colony was inhabited for two or three years before it
became abandoned. The best- known event of the early Middle Ages was the
dramatic entry of Scandinavian people into the kingdoms of Europe. During
the eighth century AD and continuing through the 11th century AD, the
Vikings, in the sleek, fast moving ships, landed on the shores of France,
England, Spain, The Meditterean, and also down the rivers of Western and
Eastern Europe. The Vikings were often viewed as savage and unsophisticated
plunders, but that is only part of the story.
.
Winter in Medieval Peasant Village. 15 Century. ABC: Clio. Web. 19 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1184446&entryid=799119&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
This picture depicts Winter in a Peasant Village. Perhaps the best nown
fairs of medieval period are the Champagne fairs. Count Theobald II of
Champagne who is also known as Theobald IV of Blois. He recognized that by
organizing trade and provinding a central location, goods could be traded
more easily. Theobald also recognized the potential for profit in hosting
fairs. At its height, there were six fairs in Champagne, and it is largely
thanks to them that the wool market thrived. Theobalds son whos name was
Henry, also patronized the fairs, and sooon the counts of Champagne were
faboulously wealthy. Fairs like those helped simulate the economy, not onle
locally, but also throughtout Europe and into the Levant. Items such as
english wool, French wine, Russian wax, and Prussian wheat could be found
at these fairs. Champagne fairs did not remain as lucrative after the 14th
Century, thanks to the ravages of the black death, war, and a commerical
shift from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, they did mcuh to reinvigorate
the Eurpoean economy.
Battle of Poitiers. N.d. ABC: Clio. Web. 19 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1185721&entryid=617101&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
This picture depicts A Changing Society. What were the consequences of all
those changes? The centralization of powere by monarchs probably led to
more law and order on a local scale, since it discouraged land struggles
between the nobles. However, this may have led to fiercer wars on a large
scale, an example would be the Hundred Years' War between the rulers of
England and France. That change in society led to a general decrease in the
secular power of the church. The authority still remained pervasive in
Renaissance life. Centralized power led to wealthier monarchs . The
monarchs used their wealth to buy luxuries and build castles, and to also
sponsor arts and scholarship, all of which supported the further growth of
the middle class. All those changes, taken together, represented some of
the key social transformations of the Middle Ages into the early modern
era.
Carcassonne Castle. N.d. ABC: Clio. Web. 19 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1185706&entryid=1004224&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
As Europe recovered from the ninth- and 10th- cnetury invasions, and as
commerece increased over the next several centuries, the towns and cities
grew. Traditional crafts continued to be an important part of medieval life
Particularly on the manor, but htose emerging centers became hubs of
production and trade and home to a group of people who didn't fit in
squarley with the "three orders". Shop owners, master craftsmen,
and traders made up the urban midlle class. The urban middle class was a
section of society that, in a time period would do much to ransform
medieval kingdoms. That would turn into giant commerical states of the
Rensissance.
Krause, Johansen. Medieval Marriage Contract. N.d. ABC:Clio. Web. 26 Oct. 2009.
<http://www.ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Eras/
Display.aspx?storyid=1185729&entryid=1216170&issublink=true&fromsearch=false>.
Marriages between powerful families had the added benefit of forging
alliances and peace treaties. A landownerf is less likely to atttcak a
neighbor if the neighbor is a brother- in- law or son- in- law. He is more
likely to come to their defense if other the other neighbor invades their
land. Also, a good match could bring prestige to a family. Marrying one's
daughter to the king of Jerusalem, for example, was unlikely to expand the
family's fortune. Since the kingdom of Jerusalem was constantly under
attack. But, the connection to the holy city undoubtedly increased the
family's prestige.